The design of a carbide lamp includes two chambers connected with a valve. When the valve is opened, water can drip from the upper chamber into the lower chamber, which is filled with calcium carbide. This causes a chemical reaction which generates acetylene, with the gas flowing out of a nozzle in front of the lamp. The acetylene can be lit with a match or similar device, generating a bright flame. Often, a reflector is mounted on the lamp to scatter the light.
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American Miners Carbide Lamps was published in 1987, contains a wealth of information on carbide lamps. Carbide lamps were the main source of illumination for miners from about 1900 to 1950. They were cheap, reliable, and, best of all, they produced a lot of light! These lamps were also used by a variety of outdoor enthusiasts, including hunters, fishermen, and cave explorers.
American Miners Carbide Lamps lists the many brands of carbide lamps that were produced and has photographs and drawings of many of them. Of special interest to the collector, Appendix A gives a list of United States Carbide Lamp patents, arranged by date. Appendix B gives a list of all the known "Brand Names" and rates each brand as to rarity from 1 to 10, with 1 being very common and 10 extremely rare. This is especially valuable to the beginning collector.
This book is hardback, with a dust cover. There are a number of interesting old photos of lamps being used in mines and caves. Very little has been published on American carbide lamps and this is a wonderful source of information.